Almost every diabetic patient will encounter the trouble of high fasting blood sugar, because fasting blood sugar is the basis of blood sugar for the day. If fasting blood sugar is high, then the day's blood sugar is likely to be in the red high value stage.
When many patients encounter this situation, they often just increase the dose of medication or increase the amount of activity, but often ignore the truth behind high fasting blood sugar.
The following will give you a detailed analysis of what fasting blood sugar is, why you should pay attention to fasting blood sugar, and the 6 reasons and countermeasures for elevated fasting blood sugar.
What is fasting blood glucose
People with diabetes should first understand what fasting blood sugar is. Fasting blood sugar refers to blood sugar measured after fasting for 8 to 10 hours, that is, blood sugar in the fasting state in the morning. Blood sugar before lunch and dinner are not fasting blood sugar.
Why you should pay attention to fasting blood sugar
Fasting blood sugar is very important to us diabetics because fasting blood sugar can:
Reflect whether the medication taken the night before was reasonable;
Indirectly reflects the body's own basal insulin secretion;
Evaluate the function of pancreatic beta cells to help determine the condition;
Helps determine the long-term efficacy of drugs.
Causes and countermeasures of elevated fasting blood sugar
Knowing the importance of fasting blood sugar, we must find the causes of elevated fasting blood sugar as soon as possible and treat them symptomatically.
1. Eating too much for dinner, having a snack before going to bed, having social activities or being too busy at work, resulting in dinner being too late (fasting time is less than 8 hours) will lead to high fasting blood sugar on the second day.
Countermeasures:
Eat a reasonable diet, distribute the energy calories of three meals according to 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 or 1/5, 2/5, 2/5. Try to eat on time and do not eat before going to bed (unless you have low blood sugar). When eating before going to bed, you should also divide the energy from dinner into the energy from eating before going to bed.
2. Improper morning exercise can also affect fasting blood sugar. Some patients have better habits and have the habit of exercising after getting up early, even if they know they need to measure fasting blood sugar. The regulations only say not to eat, but not to exercise.
In fact, blood sugar will generally drop after exercise. If blood sugar rises instead, it may be due to mild hypoglycemia during exercise. Hypoglycemia can lead to reactive blood sugar increases.
Countermeasures:
Testing your blood sugar on an empty stomach before exercising can truly reflect your fasting blood sugar level.
3. Insomnia symptoms may occur due to various mental stress and anxiety at work or in life. This negative emotion, anxiety, and insomnia will cause blood sugar to rise the next morning.
Countermeasures:
Self-adjust your mentality, develop good sleeping habits, and keep your sleep time between 6-8 hours.
4. Stress factors such as acute infection or trauma, or some special diseases (such as incomplete intestinal obstruction, which may lead to slow intestinal peristalsis, resulting in food retention in the stomach), lead to elevated blood sugar.
Countermeasures:
When acute infection or trauma or some special diseases occur, you should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible and receive symptomatic treatment to avoid long-term high blood sugar levels, rather than adjusting hypoglycemic drugs at will.
5. Sumujie phenomenon leads to high fasting blood sugar.
Sumuji's phenomenon refers to the phenomenon of transient hypoglycemia caused by excessive dosage of antidiabetic drugs or excessive hunger, followed by a rebound increase in blood sugar.
This reaction is actually a self-regulation of blood sugar balance by the human body. When the human body experiences hypoglycemia, the secretion of glucagon hormones (such as epinephrine, glucagon, glucocorticoids, growth hormone, etc.) in the body increases, Promote the conversion of glycogen into glucose and raise blood sugar to help the body correct hypoglycemia. It is precisely because of this reaction that the blood sugar in the body will not be dangerously low.
Countermeasures:
After consulting your doctor, reduce the amount of antidiabetic medication you take before dinner or before going to bed;
After consulting a doctor, eat 1/3 of the staple food of dinner before going to bed. This is suitable for patients who need to control blood sugar after dinner but cannot reduce their medication.
6. The dawn phenomenon causes fasting blood sugar to rise.
The dawn phenomenon refers to the increase in the secretion of various glucose hormones (such as growth hormone, glucocorticoids, etc.) at dawn (3 to 9 a.m.) when blood sugar control is acceptable at night and there is no hypoglycemia, resulting in hepatic glucose Excessive original output causes fasting blood sugar to rise in the morning.
Countermeasures: In consultation with a doctor,
1. Adding more anti-diabetic drugs before dinner or before going to bed must be done under the guidance of a doctor.
2. Patients who have no contraindications to biguanides can take biguanides before going to bed. Biguanides can inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis, reduce hepatic glucose output, and control fasting blood sugar.
3. For diabetics who use premixed insulin, change the injection site. The injection sites with fastest to slowest absorption of insulin are: abdomen, upper arms, thighs and buttocks.
If you inject the premixed insulin before dinner into the buttocks, it can be absorbed more slowly and help control blood sugar. But be aware that this method may have adverse effects on blood sugar control after dinner. Therefore, you can strengthen post-meal exercise after dinner to help control sugar.
4. If you inject long-acting insulin before going to bed, you can switch to medium-acting insulin and inject it at the outer 1/4 of the buttocks.
Intermediate-acting insulin is different from long-acting insulin. The former can reach the maximum drug concentration in the body in 6 to 8 hours, while the latter has a gentle effect, without peaks and valleys of drug concentration, and lasts up to 24 hours. The peak drug concentration of intermediate-acting insulin can be used to antagonize the dawn phenomenon.
People with diabetes who inject premixed insulin may consider replacing 50R with 30R to increase the content of intermediate-acting insulin and resist the dawn phenomenon. The dosage of insulin needs to be slightly adjusted after changing the dosage form.
Diabetes patients who experience dawn phenomenon and need to adjust their medication are advised to consult a specialist and not to adjust their medications at will.
If people with diabetes cannot find the cause of elevated fasting blood sugar, they should go to the hospital as soon as possible and let a professional doctor help you determine the cause of high fasting blood sugar and adopt the correct response method to help you get on the right track of sugar control as soon as possible!
