Our country has already entered an elderly society. In the future, the proportion of elderly people in the whole society will increase year by year, and the average life span of the elderly will also increase. These are all related to the continuous improvement of the nutritional health status of the elderly. For an elderly person, long life must coexist with high quality of life to be considered complete. Preventing disease and controlling disease progression can have a chance of surviving to the expected life span (related to genes).
Diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and hyperuricemia are all chronic diseases related to overnutrition. Elderly people who do not regulate their diet are prone to these diseases. These diseases will aggravate the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Existing data show that more than 50% of the elderly are overweight or obese, more than 50% have high blood pressure; about 50% have dyslipidemia; more than 30% have diabetes; more than 15% have hyperacidemia; one point Less than 10% are not related.
Regardless of whether the above diseases have been diagnosed or not, it is important to establish scientific and reasonable dietary concepts and correct traditional eating habits that are not suitable for today's lifestyle.
It is necessary for those who are already sick to control blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood uric acid and weight. The goal is to control the relevant indicators at levels close to normal people and minimize the harm caused by these abnormalities.
For those patients with a short course of disease, no obvious comorbidities, and normal organ function, it is feasible to strictly control various indicators because they still have some metabolic regulation ability. However, for those elderly people with a long course of disease, many complications, abnormal organ function, and poor self-regulation ability, if the control standard is close to that of normal people, hypoglycemia and hypotension will increase, causing ischemic heart and brain diseases, and acute kidney diseases. risks, even life-threatening.
Therefore, the main goal of treatment for elderly patients who are at risk of the above risks is to prevent serious fatal and disabling diseases. Too strict control will be counterproductive, and it needs to be appropriately lowered to a level that is safe for the patient. Blood sugar can be relaxed to 6-8mmol/L on an empty stomach and 8-10mmol/L after meals. Blood pressure control standards also depend on the condition. People with a history of stroke need to keep their blood pressure around 140/70mmHg. People with diabetic nephropathy and proteinuria have lower blood pressure. People without a history of stroke should have their blood pressure controlled to 120/70mmHg. Age is not the reason for relaxing the standards. It is very common for people of the same age to be in different health states. Some people are already suffering from diseases in their sixties, and some are still walking steadily in their nineties. According to physical conditions, the former should be relaxed, and the latter should be relaxed. can be strictly controlled.
In other words, for personal control goals, the risks and benefits of treatment must be measured and evaluated based on their own conditions. If strict control would make treatment risky, the control goals should be relaxed to achieve greater benefits and smaller risks.
