Most patients with diabetes need to rely on insulin to "sustain life." Everyone's needs are different. There are many factors that affect the dosage of insulin injection. So, what factors will affect the size of the injection dosage? What are the following reasons?
1. Age: It increases with age from infants to adults. Calculated based on the insulin required per kilogram of body weight, adolescence requires the largest amount of insulin per kilogram of body weight.
2. Diet and activity: If the caloric intake in the diet is high but the activity is too small, the two are not directly proportional. Especially if a large amount of high carbohydrate is taken in, the blood sugar will rise after the meal, and the insulin requirement will be large; conversely, if If the diet is low in calories but the activity is high, the insulin requirement will be low.
3. Duration of disease: It may also be related to the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. The kidney is an important place for insulin metabolic clearance and gluconeogenesis. Patients with diabetic nephropathy have reduced kidney function, reduced insulin clearance speed, and enhanced sensitivity to insulin. In addition, The upper kidney's ability to use other nutrients to produce sugar decreases, so the need for insulin decreases.
4. Purity of insulin preparations: The dosage of insulin preparations with high purity is relatively small.
5. Insulin savings: Improper storage of insulin will lead to a decrease in efficacy and a corresponding increase in dosage.
6. Obesity and weight: Obese diabetes has poor sensitivity to insulin and is prone to insulin resistance, which generally requires a larger dose; patients with type 1 diabetes who have a long course of disease have reduced insulin requirements, which may be related to weight loss. Relevant, because lean people require relatively less insulin.
7. Stress state: Diabetic patients have increased insulin requirements under various stress states, especially when they are infected and have fever. Someone found that when the patient's body temperature exceeds 37.5°C, the insulin requirement increases by 25% for every 1°C increase in body temperature.
8. Menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth: Blood sugar fluctuates greatly during menstruation, and insulin requirements often increase. During pregnancy, the demand for insulin gradually increases. By the end of pregnancy, the demand for insulin often increases by 50% to 100%. However, after delivery, the demand for insulin often drops sharply, and then gradually increases until it reaches the pre-pregnancy level.
9. Hormones and drugs: Some drugs will affect the metabolic clearance of insulin and the intensity of insulin action, such as drugs that enhance insulin, alcohol, salicylic acid preparations, etc., which will reduce the amount of insulin used; drugs that have weakening effects include Glucose hormones (adrenocorticoids, growth hormone, glucagon, catecholamines and thyroxine), oral contraceptives, etc., these drugs will increase the use of insulin.
