As a highly controversial subject, there are many schools of thought in Treatise on Febrile Diseases. It is also necessary to understand the characteristics of each genre. Sometimes you will find that you can understand Zhang San's book but not Li Si's, and you can understand what Wang Wu said but not Zhao Liu's. When several people sit together, a term can be debated for a long time, in fact, it all stems from differences in genres.
"Treatise on Febrile Diseases" is generally divided into four theories:
The first is the "Linear Theory of the Six Meridians", the second is the "Theory of the Qi of the Six Meridians", the third is the "Theory of the Righteous Qi of the Six Meridians", and the fourth is the "Theory of the Ground of the Six Meridians".
Some people may say: "I study "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", no matter what school it is? Chinese medicine has different routes to the same goal, and there is no school." From the advanced level, that's right. But it is impossible for a person with zero foundation to reach a high level in one step. As long as you get in touch with the books of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", you cannot avoid the problem of genre. For example: What do the three yang and three yin in Treatise on Febrile Diseases mean? This is a very controversial issue in the typhoid community. The reason why it is controversial is because the genres are different and the angles of thinking are different, so the interpretations are also different.
There is no difference between high and low in practice of the Four Great Theories, only the difference between suitable and unsuitable. The best is the one that suit for you.
The "Six Meridian Linear Theory" has the longest history, the greatest influence, the widest range of influence, and a relatively complete theory. they think:
Taitai disease refers to the lesions of the bladder meridian and bladder of the foot sun.
Yangming disease refers to lesions of the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming, Stomach, Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yangming, and large intestine.
Shaoyang disease refers to the disease of the Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Shaoyang, the Gallbladder Meridian, the Sanjiao Meridian of Hand Shaoyang, and the Sanjiao.
Taiyin disease refers to the disease of the spleen meridian and spleen of the foot Taiyin.
Shaoyin disease refers to diseases of the kidney meridian of foot shaoyin, kidney, heart meridian of hand shaoyin, and heart.
Jueyin disease refers to diseases of the liver meridian and liver of foot Jueyin.
The Lung Meridian of Hand Taiyin, Lung, Pericardium Meridian of Hand Jueyin, Pericardium, Small Intestine Meridian of Hand Taiyin and Small Intestine are missing. This theory attributes the lung meridian and lung to the sun disease. The pericardium meridian and pericardium are attributed to Shaoyin disease. The small intestine meridian and the small intestine are attributed to Yangming disease.
It is easy to understand that the linear theory regards the six meridians as the six meridians of the hands and feet, and the meridians are connected to the viscera. Then this school regards the syndrome differentiation of the six meridians as a syndrome differentiation and treatment method that combines the syndrome differentiation of viscera and meridians. This genre once dominated the rivers and lakes, and its representatives are as numerous as stars. For example, Zhu Gong who first put forward this theory, later famous scholars Cheng Wuji and Yu Jiayan, Cao Yingfu, Liu Duzhou, Chen Yiren, and Hao Wanshan in modern times all belong to this school. Even the university textbook "Selected Readings on Febrile Diseases" is also based on this school. thought compiled.
The second most influential in history is the "Six Meridians Qi Chemical Theory", the founder is Huang Yuanyu during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Huang Yuanyu was the imperial physician of Emperor Qianlong. He used the concept of six qi to explain the three yang and three yin in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases. The six qi refer to Jueyin wind and wood, Shaoyin monarch fire, Taiyin damp earth, Shaoyang phase fire, Yangming dry metal, and Taiyang cold water. The pathogenesis is explained by the gasification of the six qi, and the disease is treated by reconciling the six qi. Author of the book "Four Sacred Heart Sources". "Ancient Chinese Medicine of Circular Movement" written by Peng Ziyi, a later physician, is in the same line as "The Source of the Four Sacred Hearts". The great doctor Li Ke learned from Peng Ziyi's academics. Among the four major theories, I know the least about the gasification theory, so I dare not talk nonsense, so I will stop here.
The third is the "Six Channels of Righteous Qi Theory", which may have been put forward during the Nationalist period. This school is improved on the basis of inheriting the "six classics linear theory". They not only admit that Liujing refers to the six meridians of the hands and feet, but also believe that Taiyang disease is the stage with the most yang qi, followed by Yangming disease and Shaoyang disease. Three yin diseases generally have insufficient yang qi, but Taiyin diseases have the strongest yin qi (the yin qi here is also a kind of righteous qi), followed by Shaoyin diseases and Jueyin diseases. In the stage of Jueyin disease, both Yang Qi and Yin Qi are very weak, so it is particularly easy to die. This school also believes that diseases are transmitted and changed along the order of the six meridians. A disease must be a Taiyang disease at the beginning, and gradually develops as it is untreated or wrongly treated, and finally becomes Jueyin disease. Doctors should follow the sequence of the six meridians and treat them backwards. A Jueyin disease can eventually be cured into a Taiyang disease. Representative: Ni Haixia.
The fourth is the "Six Classics Ground Theory". It was first proposed by Ke Qin in the Qing Dynasty, and developed and improved by Yumoto Qiuzhen in Japan. But the Japanese Hanfang school did not accept this theory, so it was passed back to China, and finally carried forward and perfected in the hands of Hu Xishu and Liu Shaowu. This school believes that the three yang and three yin in "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" refer neither to the meridians nor to the six qi, but are just noun codes. The so-called ground means that the meridians of the six meridians are not meridians, but meridians. The six meridians are like the six kingdoms, each with its own boundaries, each with both meridians and viscera. At the same time, this school pointed out that there are 398 articles in "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", none of which says "six classics", only "six diseases", so it firmly denies that the six meridians are the six meridians or viscera. Representatives: Hu Xishu, Liu Shaowu.
Hu Xishu thinks:
Taiyang disease refers to exterior yang syndrome.
Yangming disease refers to Liyang syndrome.
Shaoyang disease refers to the syndrome of half exterior and half interior yang.
Shaoyin disease refers to superficial yin syndrome.
Taiyin disease refers to interior Yin syndrome.
Jueyin disease refers to the syndrome of half exterior and half interior yin.
Liu Shaowu believes:
Taiyang disease refers to exterior yang syndrome.
Yangming disease refers to Liyang syndrome.
Shaoyang disease refers to the syndrome of pivot yang.
Jueyin disease refers to superficial yin syndrome.
Taiyin disease refers to interior Yin syndrome.
Shaoyin disease refers to pivot-yin syndrome.
Hu and Liu said different things. Anyway, the ground theory believes that three yin and three yang are just a noun without specific meaning, so it doesn't matter how they are defined.
In addition to the four major theories, there are several well-known minor schools, which I will introduce together.
Syndrome Correspondence School
First of all, we must understand that the correspondence between prescription and syndrome is different from the correspondence between prescription and syndrome. The Four Great Theories are all about the correspondence of prescriptions and syndromes, that is, the applicable syndromes of the prescription should correspond to the pathogenesis of the patient, while the correspondence of prescriptions and syndromes refers to the correspondence between the symptoms of the patient and the description of the efficacy of the prescription. There is an essential difference between the two. The School of Prescription Syndrome Correspondence is actually the Japanese Hanfang School, which is said to have been founded by Jiyi Dongdong. According to legend, Jiyi Dongdong was a medical genius, but he had a group of idiot apprentices who couldn't teach them no matter what. In the end, Yiji Dongdong told the disciples to choose prescriptions according to the symptoms, without delving into the pathogenesis of them, or distinguishing the syndrome types of patients, let alone studying the composition principles of prescriptions. Because I don't understand the composition principle of the prescription, I can only follow the original prescription, the original amount, and the original ratio. I lack the ability to adjust the addition and subtraction of the other prescription and adapt to the situation. The so-called doctor is essentially a panting database. Later generations laughed. It is "abolishing medicine and saving medicine". But it is undeniable that the Japanese Kampo school has carried forward the abdominal diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine, which is a very good diagnostic method in clinical practice. Up to now, this school still occupies an absolute dominant position in Japan, and many Chinese Chinese medicine practitioners also learn from this school. Representatives: Ye Juquan, Huang Huang.
Combination of Chinese and Western
This school is divided into two categories. One is based on TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, referring to the inspection values of Western medical equipment, and using Western medical treatment equipment under specific circumstances, or using Western medicine as an adjuvant treatment method.
The other type is to analyze the prescriptions of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" with the method of chemical analysis of western medicine, and to study what elements, what glycosides, and what glycosides are contained in the prescriptions. Radish and cabbage each have their own favorites, and many people follow them.
There are also I Ching School, Numerology School, Cosmic Quantum Space Energy School... I don't know much about it, so I can't say it.
Oh, by the way, there is another school called the Six Classics and Eight Principles School. It was founded by Feng Shilun (still alive), a disciple of Hu Xishu. In principle, it also belongs to the ground theory of the Six Channels, but careful study will reveal that the two are not exactly the same.
