Diabetes is divided into type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and special types of diabetes. Although diabetic patients all have diabetes, their blood sugar control standards are very different.
Patients with type 2 diabetes have very different standards for sugar control
1. Young and middle-aged diabetic patients with short disease duration and no obvious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Control standards: fasting blood sugar 4.4-6.1mmol/L, postprandial blood sugar <7.8mmol/L, HbA1c <6.5%, try to keep HbA1c <6.0%.
2. Non-critically ill patients receiving insulin treatment
Control standards: Pre-meal blood glucose should be <7.8mmol/L as much as possible, random blood glucose <10.0mmol/L, and HbA1c <7.0%.
3. Patients whose condition is mild and whose blood sugar can be controlled to the target without hypoglycemia through treatment such as diet, exercise and taking hypoglycemic drugs (such as metformin, glycosidase inhibition, etc.).
Control standards: Such patients should have their blood sugar levels as normal or as close to normal as possible. That is, fasting blood sugar is 4.4-6.1mmol/L, and postprandial blood sugar is <7.8mmol/L.
4. Elderly patients aged 70 to 80 years old
Control standards: Under the premise of safety, fasting blood sugar is 6.0~7.0mmol/L, blood sugar 2 hours after a meal is 8.0~10.0mmol/L, and HbA1c is between 6.5% and 7.0%.
5. Patients with serious complications, especially diabetic patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, or those with frequent hypoglycemia
Control standards: Blood sugar control goals should be relatively relaxed. Generally, fasting blood sugar is maintained at 7.0-9.0mmol/L, postprandial blood sugar is at 8.0-11.0mmol/L, and HbAlc is at 7.0%-7.5%.
6. Patients who often suffer from hypoglycemia, are older or have a long course of disease
Control standards: fasting blood glucose 7.0-9.0mmol/L, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose 8.0-11.1mmol/L, HbA1c 7.0%-7.5%.
In these cases, blood sugar control can be relaxed
1. Elderly diabetic patients over 80 years old;
2. Regardless of age, those who often suffer from hypoglycemia can relax their blood control standards appropriately. First, the principle should be to prevent hypoglycemia;
3. People with limited life span: such as diabetes combined with malignant tumors, especially patients with advanced malignant tumors and those with limited expected survival;
4. Patients with a long course of disease and unsatisfactory blood sugar levels in the past, but without obvious chronic complications of diabetes, can also be appropriately relaxed.
Type 1 diabetes control goals
1. Children with diabetes: The blood sugar control goals for children with diabetes should be appropriately relaxed without affecting the normal growth and development of the child.
Control standards: 5.0~10.0mmol/L before meals, 5.0~11.1mmol/L before going to bed, HbA1c <8.5%.
2. Persons over 13 years old and above
Control standard: It is recommended that HbA1c <7.5%. If there is no hypoglycemia, try to keep HbA1c <7.0%.
Especially for older patients, there is no need to require themselves to have standard blood sugar, which may lead to hypoglycemia. Special diabetes patients with complications can also relax the standard.
